基于常规气象资料的小时标准冰厚模型及验证   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邓芳萍  康丽莉  姜瑜君  初金良  刘岩 《应用气象学报》2017,28(2):142-156

在综合考虑雨凇和雾凇积冰增长以及热力融冰和升华脱冰的基础上,建立了一个基于常规气象资料的小时标准冰厚模型。模拟2008年和2013年浙江省两次严重电网覆冰灾害期间的标准冰厚,并用事故线路调查资料、电线积冰观测站和模拟导线拉力监测点的观测资料进行验证分析。结果显示:事故线路的最大标准冰厚观测值与模拟值相关关系达到0.01显著性水平,电线积冰观测站的日标准冰厚观测值与模拟值的平均绝对偏差小于0.6 mm,模拟导线拉力监测点的小时标准冰厚模拟值与观测值的决定系数为0.8093,均方根误差为0.8 mm。说明模型比较准确地描述了天气过程对电线积冰的影响,能够较好地反映标准冰厚的空间分布规律和时间变化特征。  相似文献   

Observational Study on the Supercooled Fog Droplet Spectrum Distribution and Icing Accumulation Mechanism in Lushan,Southeast China     

Tianshu WANG  Shengjie NIU  Jingjing Lü  Yue ZHOU 《大气科学进展》2019,36(1):29-40

A fog monitor, hotplate total precipitation sensor, weather identifier and visibility sensor, ultrasonic wind speed meter,an icing gradient observation frame, and an automated weather station were involved in the observations at the Lushan Meteorological Bureau of Jiangxi Province, China. In this study, for the icing process under a cold surge from 20–25 January2016, the duration, frequency, and spectrum distribution of agglomerate fog were analyzed. The effects of rain, snow, and supercooled fog on icing growth were studied and the icing and meteorological conditions at two heights(10 m and 1.5 m)were compared. There were 218 agglomerate fogs in this icing process, of which agglomerate fogs with durations less than and greater than 10 min accounted for 91.3% and 8.7%, respectively. The average time interval was 10.3 min. The fog droplet number concentration for sizes 2–15 μm and 30–50 μm increased during rainfall, and that for 2–27 μm decreased during snowfall. Icing grew rapidly(1.3 mm h-1) in the freezing rain phase but slowly(0.1 mm h-1) during the dry snow phase. Intensive supercooled fog, lower temperatures and increased wind speed all favored icing growth during dry snow(0.5 mm h-1). There were significant differences in the thickness, duration, density, and growth mechanism of icing at the heights of 10 m and 1.5 m. Differences in temperature and wind speed between the two heights were the main reasons for the differences in icing conditions, which indicated that icing was strongly affected by height.  相似文献   

安庆地区一次飞机积冰的气象条件分析     

孙晶  蔡淼  王飞  史月琴 《气象》2019,45(10):1341-1351

利用卫星、雷达、探空、飞机等观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,以及数值模拟结果,对2016年3月8—9日我国安庆地区的云系特征和飞机积冰气象条件进行了分析,并对比了几种积冰指数算法的计算结果。结果表明,此次飞机积冰发生在寒潮天气背景下,强冷空气造成锋面逆温。实测飞机积冰现象出现在对流降雨结束后的层积云层顶部,积冰高度对应高空锋区逆温层底部,云顶高度约为3.4 km,云顶温度为-10℃,无降水和雷达回波,云中主要为过冷水,丰沛时段飞机观测过冷水平均值为0.36 g·m~(-3),基本无冰相粒子。当云顶高度再度抬升,冰相粒子增多时,过冷水含量减少,不利于积冰现象发生。多种积冰指数对比分析表明,CIP初始积冰潜势算法较好体现了此次层积云飞机积冰特征。CPEFS模式模拟出了与实测比较一致的云宏微观结构。  相似文献   

Correlation of icing events with meteorological variables, and two statistical models to discriminate freezing days     

ZunYa Wang  ShanShan Zhao  Qiang Zhang 《寒旱区科学》2012,4(3):0242-0248

In this paper, the characteristics of meteorological variables are statistically correlated with icing events (i.e., glaze and rime) in China, using daily observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and weather phenomena from 700 stations in China from 1954 to 2008. The weather conditions most favorable for icing events are investigated and two statistical models are developed to discriminate potential freezing days. Low air temperature, high relative humidity, and low wind speed are shown to be important conditions for occurrence of icing events; also, the favorable daily mean air temperature is shown to have a decreasing trend from north to south in China, while the favorable relative humidity and wind speed varies little across the country. The statistical model developed with the daily mean temperature combined with precipitation, fog, and mist weather phenomena proved to be well able to determine the possible occurrence of freezing days. The accuracy of model outputs is well above 60% for northwestern Yunnan, Guizhou, northern Guangxi, southern Hunan, and southern Jiangxi, among other regions where icing events are more frequent, and the average false alarms are few. Using observations or forecast products of conventional meteorological variables, this model has high performance and is practical and applicable for early warning and monitoring of icing events.  相似文献   

辽宁省电线积冰特征与电网冰区划分研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

龚强  汪宏宇  蔺娜  顾正强  晁华  于华深  袁国恩  高杰  鲍星辉  顾同刚 《冰川冻土》2010,32(3)

采用辽宁省11个电线积冰观测气象站1980-2007年的观测资料,分析了辽宁省电线积冰现象的特点,并结合历史电网冰灾事故调查情况及易发生冰灾事故的气候特点对辽宁省电网冰区进行了初步划分.结果表明:电线积冰现象的空间分布不均匀,大致具有辽东南、东北、辽东湾东北岸地区电线积冰现象较多的特点,且大部分地区雾凇日数多于雨凇;电线积冰日数的年际间波动较大,可发生在10月至次年4月,1月最多,11月雨凇明显居多.气象站观测到的最大冰厚、直径、冰重分别为53mm、68 mm和196 g,折算成最大标准冰厚、100 a一遇最大设计冰厚为6.6、7.8 mm.各地观测到的最大冰重多以雨凇出现,最长连续时间为4 d;气温低于0℃时,雨凇形成一般具有降雨和降温过程,雾凇形成一般具有空气湿度高、风速小的特点.2007年3月4日,红沿河核电厂气象站记录到辽宁省历史以来所观测记录到的最强电线积冰事件,其标准冰厚为25.7 mm,属重冰程度.可将辽宁全省30a、50 a一遇冰区均划分为轻冰区,而位于辽东湾东部的营口、盖州、熊岳、瓦房店沿海一带为100 a一遇的中冰区,红沿河核电厂附近地区为100 a一遇的重冰区.  相似文献   

数字图像监测系统应用于高压导线覆冰试验(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李鹏辉  赵文光  文银平  陈勇  胡伟 《地球空间信息科学学报》2009,12(1):61-65

A real-time system of numeral image manipulation technology is employed to inspect the dynamic displacement of an engineering structure. First, the CCD vidicon aims at the fixed point. The image of the fixed point on the structure is gathered by a picture gathering card. By processing pictures with a self-programmed software, the real-time space coordinate of the calibration device can be obtained. Finally, the data is dealt with to get the movement curve, and the dynamic displacement is carried out. The system is applied to the test of a high voltage icing conductor. The result indicates that the dynamic data of the ice shedding conductor includes jumping amplitude, displacement-time curve and attenuation process. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50778077, No.50608036).  相似文献   

对华南对流云中过冷云水-飞机积冰的直接气象因子的中尺度数值预报试验   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

王鹏云  阮征 《热带气象学报》2002,18(4):399-406

利用“海峡两岸及临近地区暴雨试验”（HUAMEX）加密观测资料和MM5湿物理显式方案模拟研究了1998.5.23-24自粤北移向南海海岸冷锋前对流云团中的云物理过程，给出了造成飞机积冰的直接气象因子-云中过冷水的空间分布和随时间演变及其与水汽、冰相（冰晶、霰、雪）、垂直气流的相互关系。结果显示，当对流较强因而产生冰相后，由于冰粒子与过冷水间的碰并及过冷水滴蒸发，过冷水迅速减少；当对流较弱因而只有液相云水而无冰相加入时，过冷云水维持。模拟试验显示具有完善湿物理显式方案的高分辨非静力平衡中尺度数值模式MM5可用于对飞机积冰的直接气象因子-云中过冷水的数值预报。  相似文献   

“04.12.21”飞机积冰天气过程数值特征分析   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

刘开宇  申红喜  李秀连  梁爱民 《气象》2005,31(12):23-27

通过对2004年12月21日发生在民航太原机场附近的飞机积冰过程分析认为：华北地面高压和河套地区高空槽形成的“回流＋倒槽”形势是此次积冰的天气背景,在具备暖湿环境的条件下,在冷暖空气交汇区域靠近冷空气一侧易发生积冰;除去飞机动力增温影响后,强积冰所需环境温度大致在-6～-10℃之间;弱上升气流和冷平流已经侵入的区域内有利于积冰的形成;WAFS数值预报产品可较有效地描述天气系统发展的动力结构和机制,具有较好的积冰形势预报能力,而在国际民航组织向成员国推荐的积冰指数基础上重新构造的积冰指数可以更好地预报积冰天气的发生区域.  相似文献   

阿拉斯加德纳里国家公园公路沿线冰椎和融化失稳问题的减灾备选方案   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

TedS.Vinson 《冰川冻土》2005,27(1):17-32

Only one access road leads into Denali Park. The serviceability and safety of this gravel road is obviously of paramount importance to the National Park Service (NPS). Since the late 1950s and mid1960s major icings and a landslide, respectively, have occurred along the Denali Park access road. During the summer of 1990 the landslide activity intensified. The central section of the Park through which the access road traverses is designated as a wilderness area. Consequently, off road field exploration required to quantify the hazards and remediation activities that may be proposed to mitigate icings and stabilize the landslide, are severely restricted and closely scrutinized by the NPS. The results of an evaluation of (1) the current state-of-the-practice to control icings, and (2) thaw stabilization techniques that could be appiled to the northwest corner of the landslide are presented herein. The recommendations which followed, respecting the wilderness area designation for the Park, are also presented.  相似文献   

Multi-parameter stochastic inversion for first and second moment mass properties of a model-scale ship with topside ice accumulation     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

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